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Types of Vehicle Diagnostics Diagnostics on vehicles can be used to identify a range of problems that can arise with the vehicle. There are many types of diagnostic tools and the service technician will choose the correct one based on the situation and current technical condition. OBD-II, CANBUS are two examples of these tools. The technician is able to identify the issue and make the necessary repairs by using the appropriate tool. OBD-II OBD-II Diagnostics for vehicles use sensors to identify issues in vehicles. These sensors transmit abnormal information to the vehicle's engine controller unit (ECU) and it stores it as a Diagnostic Trouble Code. The code is a string that contains numbers and letters that indicate the nature and origin of the issue. OBD-II codes are used to identify all areas of a vehicle , such as the chassis, powertrain and the network. OBD-II diagnostics for vehicles are possible using a variety of tools. They be anything from basic consumer-level tools to advanced OEM dealership tools and vehicle Telematic systems. The most basic tools include hand-held scanners and fault code readers. There are also durable and sophisticated gadgets that are available. A scanner tool is a gadget that can read diagnostic trouble codes from the vehicle's computer system. It also reads the vehicle's VIN. OBD-II scanners have a feature that allows them to read code from any protocol. A mechanic can interpret and read the data and provide you with all details regarding the issue in your vehicle. OBD-II diagnostics for vehicles can aid you in saving money on repairs while also improving the performance of your vehicle. They can also provide details about the health and state of the engine's key components as well as emissions controls. This information can be useful in diagnosing issues quickly and easily. CANBUS If you own a CANBUS-compliant vehicle, you can perform a complete system scan with the scan tool. This will allow you to see which modules need to be on and which are off. If one or more of these modules are not functioning, it could indicate a communication problem or wiring issue. CAN bus problems can present a variety of signs, such as partial or total loss of vehicle functionality. The faults can produce an audible, or visual warning to the driver. Software issues could also be a possible cause. A CAN bus problem could also result in a faulty charging system, poor battery voltage, or improper connections. Low resistance readings on CAN ports can be an indication of a malfunctioning CAN or wiring harness. Some CAN devices may contain an internal termination resistor, which turns on and off when the device is powered up. The manufacturer's service information should include the internal termination resistors of a specific CAN device. The CAN bus protocol is a protocol based on messages developed to enable communication between automobile components. In addition to allowing communication between vehicles it also reduces the use of copper by using multiplex electrical wiring. Each device transmits information within a frame that is then received by all other devices on the network. Check engine light The Check Engine light on your car could be an indication of a serious problem. If you've observed an red or orange light on your dashboard, consider having your car examined immediately. It will cost less to fix it the sooner you fix it. This light may also be accompanied with other signs, like a strange engine noise. Whatever the reason regardless of the cause, the Check Engine Light is meant to notify you of an issue in your vehicle. The Check Engine Light is an orange engine-shaped icon , which is located in the instrument cluster. It turns on when the car’s on-board computer detects the issue. This indicator can be triggered by a variety of problems but it can also be as simple as a leaky gas cap or a defective spark plug. Another possible cause of an Check Engine Light is a problem with the exhaust system. This light could be caused by an EGR (exhaust gas recirculation valve). While these valves aren't in need of regular maintenance, they could be clogged with carbon and require to be replaced. EGR valves that aren't functioning properly can result in higher levels of emissions. After you have resolved the issue the car will then turn off the light. However, if the car's CEL has been on for more than three days, you may want to check the issue again or try manually setting the light. A diagnostic scan will reveal which codes are causing your Check Engine light to turn on. In some instances just a quick scan using the basic scan tool could reveal the exact problem. For more complicated issues you'll need an expert scan tool. Trouble-shooting diagnostics DTCs (diagnostic trouble codes) are the digits you can use to identify problems with your vehicle. They can be as brief as one to five characters and could be used to indicate anything from a warning light to an engine that is malfunctioning. These codes are used to solve problems and pinpoint where they occur. Although DTCs are used to diagnose car problems however, not all are serious. In certain instances, trouble codes indicate that a sensor circuit is out of range or a malfunction is occurring in the emissions control system. After you have identified the root of the problem you can begin figuring out the solution. It is important to understand where the trouble codes are stored in your vehicle. Typically, DTCs are stored in the Engine Control Module (ECM) or Powertrain Control Module (PCM). Diagnostic trouble codes are important in determining the type of issue is causing the issue. They can aid a mechanic diagnose problems and determine the repairs needed. The check engine light could signal a problem in the fuel level sensor circuit. It may also indicate a malfunction in the emissions idle control system. In other situations, the light can be a sign of something more serious, such as a loose gas cap. Some of these codes could be serious and require immediate repair. It is important to identify which DTC is the most urgent and immediately fix when you have more than one. Checking fuel supply Diagnostics for vehicles can be complicated due to the importance of fuel pressure and volume. A malfunctioning fuel pump may cause trouble codes to be displayed on the computer of your vehicle. These codes can be interpreted using an electronic code reader or scan tool. Many auto parts stores offer code reading services at no cost. You can also purchase cheap code reading devices for smartphones. Once you have an idea of what to look for you can determine the fuel pressure. It's a simple step by stage procedure to test your fuel supply. It's fairly simple to do. The first step for checking the fuel system is to listen for an audible hum. It should last for around 2 seconds before it stops. If you hear a humming sound it is a sign that your fuel pump's electrical circuit is functioning correctly. If not, you'll need to perform additional diagnostic tests. You can also check the fuel pressure and MAF sensor for fuel leaks. The P0171/P0174 codes may be due to the MAF sensor being dirty. If you're not sure which part you need to replace then you can use a volumetric efficiency chart or calculator to determine which. To ensure your vehicle's health It is vital to examine the fuel pressure. If the pressure is high however the flow isn't as good you'll experience difficulty starting the vehicle. A voltmeter reading that shows low pressure is a sign of poor fuel flow. You can test the voltage and ampage of the injector pulses by using an amp clamp. Checking the air filter Air filters that are dirty can lead to a variety of problems in your vehicle, such as rapid acceleration, fuel that is not burned and mini explosions. The air filter inspection can help you detect these issues early, and you may even notice them before your car shows any symptoms. Start by removing all fasteners that connect the air intake box together. They may be clips, screws, or hex nuts. Once the fasteners are removed then you can take out the air filter. Make sure the filter is properly installed and cleaned. This will let the filter perform its tasks effectively. If the filter is not clean the engine will not function properly and might not give you an accurate reading. The air filter is located close to the engine or near to the front of your vehicle. The check engine light may also be caused by a clogged filter. This could indicate the existence of a bigger issue. A blocked air filter can cause excessive fuel to be burned by hindering the flow of air into your engine. The check engine light could also be activated due to excessive carbon deposits. A skilled mechanic will be able determine the reason for the light's presence. Changing the air filter is an essential part of a car's engine. It keeps dust and impurities out of the air in the engine which results in more efficient combustion. Without proper airflow the engine will have difficulties starting, running, or acceleration.